External corrosion from seawater exposure and accidental impacts from fishing vessels or anchors are serious threats to Offshore Pipelines. To protect against corrosion, pipelines are coated with specialized polymers and cathodic protection systems use low electric currents to prevent metal loss. Concrete weight coats or rock dumping is also used to stabilize and protect exposed sections. Pipeline routes are carefully selected and marked on nautical charts to minimize conflicts with other marine activities. Remote leak detection systems continuously monitor pipelines for any potential breaches in integrity.

As critical economic lifelines, offshore pipelines and production facilities represent valuable targets. Pipeline route security and protecting vulnerable offshore assets have emerged as important safety concerns. Vessel monitoring systems, offshore patrols, and access restriction zones help deter potential threats. Advanced technologies such as submarine drones are being evaluated to enhance monitoring of deepwater infrastructure. International cooperation combats criminal activities like oil theft from pipelines. Work is ongoing to establish legally binding rules regarding security for offshore energy transport networks under maritime law. As offshore energy production expands, secure pipelines will remain a high priority.

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